Day 12 -- A QUIZ!!!

And then there was a QUIZ!!!! 
Evolutionary Evidence Quiz to be exact.

1. 
The transitional animals between the Mesonychid and the Basilosaurus, which existed within a 15 million year period, give evidence for the necessary evolution from a land-dwelling animal to a sea-dwelling creature. (Such as food, over-powerful predators, etc.) Between 55 and 52 mya, there was a necessity that forced the Mesonychid to adapt into a streamlined form, sprouting a webbing between its fingers and gills to breathe in water. Within several more million years, the animal had grown to live in water, its tail taking a more effective shape for water movement. Over time, there was even more adaptation for an already-accustomed-to-water animal into its final form, most effective for hunting prey or escaping predators.

2. Marsupials originated from the continent of North America 65 million years ago. Over time, the majority migrated to Africa and Australia. The correct answer is: E.  

3. In the development of birds, bats, and butterflies, the wings are a distinct homologous structure. The birds and bats have the same bone structure descended from a common ancestor, with "gradual modifications in development" based on environmental needs. The butterfly's wing is considered an analogous structure, as it serves a similar function (providing flight) but is completely different (containing no bone). 


4. The Common Decent lab shows the genetic relations of certain animals to others with similar DNA and Cytochrome-C structures. When a species exhibits a structure consistent to that of another species, it suggests that the two are distantly related by a common ancestor. (On the other hand, when there are many genetic differences in the Cytochrome-C, there is a much farther-distanced relationship between the two species.) For example, primates have a similar structure of Cytochrome-C as humans, with only a few exceptions in the last few strings of the composition. Yeast and humans have many genetic differences, showing they are further separated genetically. 

5. Homology is the relationship of similar structures in different animals. They are brought about as a result of shared ancestry. There is modification of the structures due to basic needs (food, survival, etc.), which causes differences in different species. However, like the arm structure (containing a single bone, two bones, and a blob/digits), each retains its basic structure.